Abstract The way governments manage resources through the budget cycle has important implications for health policy and whether governments achieve societal objectives such as efficiency, equity, quality, and accountability. Studies found a positive association between health service delivery outcomes and good governance of public finance; however, the mechanisms through which public financial management affects service … Continued
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Budget Credibility Across Countries: How Deviations are Affecting Spending on Social Priorities
As countries increasingly focus on meeting the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), attention is often focused on the financing gap governments face in meeting their commitments. Not enough questions are being asked about governments’ capacity to effectively manage and spend the resources that they already have – or say they have. In this paper, researchers use a … Continued
WHO Budget Structure Reforms and Transition to Program Budgeting in Health: Lessons from Armenia
WHO’s case study of ongoing budget reform in Armenia finds that Armenia’s gradual transition to program-based budgeting has improved the National Assembly’s ability to assess the extent to which budgets are consistent with policy and track program performance through the introduction of indicators for quantity, quality and timeliness of health services. Armenia’s National Immunization Program … Continued
WHO – Budget Structure: Key Implications for Immunization Financing & Synthesis of Key Messages for Gavi
This note summarizes key findings from various country case studies, as well as implications and messages emerging from the health budget structure work developed by WHO Department of Health Systems Governance and Financing. Additional resources related to health budgeting have been compiled here.
Lessons from Implementing Public Financial Management Activities in the Health Sector
Over the past five years, the Health Finance and Governance (HFG) project has supported over 35 countries and programs in their efforts to strengthen public financial management (PFM) systems. Activities have been tailored to address key priorities within a health system context, and have ranged from improving financial data systems to conducting costing exercises, financial … Continued
Financial Management Mechanisms to Support Increased Government Spending on Health
This paper introduces an analytic framework for assessing PFM mechanisms. Providing a consistent framework for assessing PFM mechanisms makes it easier to understand their scope, complexity, interrelationships, and linkages. The framework covers the current state of PFM and an “end state”—or ideal state at maturity—in LMICs, roles of key actors, necessary preconditions for reforms, options … Continued
Earmarking for Health: From Theory to Practice
This paper discusses the theoretical foundations of earmarking and analyses country experience with earmarking for health and its impact on health sector budgets and the broader fiscal environment.
WHO-UNICEF Guidelines for Developing a Comprehensive Multi-year Plan (cMYP)
WHO-UNICEF comprehensive multi-year plan (cMYP) for immunization guidelines offers planning and costing tools for managers to follow when developing a cMYP or ensuring the quality of an existing one. This document is not intended to encompass all strategies for developing these plans but instead an up-to-date, comprehensive single method.
Country Planning Cycle Database – WHO’s Resource for National Health System Planning Activities
The Country Planning Cycle Database collects information to support coordination of national health system planning activities. The database includes information on technical support and donor engagement, in addition to summaries of national planning and health programmatic cycles.
Status of National Comprehensive Multi-Year Plans
This page of World Health Organization website contains a database of comprehensive Multi-Year Plans for immunization. Each country page contains data on resources, coverage, financing, and objectives for the Multi-Year Plan.